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1.
Rev. ADM ; 80(3): 139-144, mayo-jun. 2023. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1517826

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la Candida albicans (C. albicans) es un patógeno fúngico que puede causar infecciones superficiales o potencialmente mortales. Los biofilms de C. albicans muestran rasgos fenotípicos únicos, el más destacado es su notable resistencia a una amplia variedad de agentes antimicóticos. Una de las alternativas para inhibir el crecimiento de este microorganismo es el ozono debido a sus propiedades bactericidas, fungicidas y virucidas; sin embargo, escasa información ha sido reportada en C. albicans. Objetivo: el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el efecto fungicida del ozono en C. albicans. Material y métodos: la metodología consistió en agregar ozono a tubos de ensayo con medios de caldo nutritivo en diversas concentraciones y tiempos de ozonización. El efecto fungicida fue determinado con la determinación del número de colonias de C. albicans en agar nutritivo a través de procedimiento microbiológicos estandarizados por triplicado. Resultados: todas las muestras con ozono mostraron adecuados niveles de inhibición de crecimiento del microorganismo. Además, el efecto fungicida del ozono se encontró para ser significativamente dependiente del tiempo de ozonización y de la concentración. Conclusión: el uso de terapia con ozono podría tener potencial en el control de infecciones micóticas causadas por la presencia de C. albicans (AU)


Introduction: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a fungal pathogen that can cause superficial or life-threatening infections. Biofilms of C. albicans display unique phenotypic traits, the most prominent being their remarkable resistance to a wide variety of antifungal agents. One of the alternatives to inhibit the growth of this microorganism is ozone due to its bactericidal, fungicidal and virucidal properties; however, little information has been reported on C. albicans. Objective: the objective of this study was to evaluate the fungicidal effect of ozone on C. albicans. Material and methods: the methodology consisted in adding ozone to test tubes with nutrient broth media in various concentrations and ozonation times. The fungicidal effect was determined by determining the number of colonies of C. albicans in nutrient agar through standardized microbiological procedures in triplicate. Results: all the ozone samples showed adequate levels of growth inhibition of the microorganism. Furthermore, the fungicidal effect of ozone was found to be significantly dependent on ozonation time and concentration. Conclusion: the use of ozone therapy could have potential in the control of fungal infections caused by the presence of C. albicans (AU)


Subject(s)
Candida albicans/drug effects , In Vitro Techniques , Colony Count, Microbial/methods , Bacterial Growth , Ozonation , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Culture Media
2.
Rev. ADM ; 79(4)jul.-ago. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1395261

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el biofilm dental microbiano es el precursor de diversas enfermedades orales, una de ellas la caries, ésta representa la enferme- dad oral más significativa a nivel mundial, con una incidencia de 1.76 billones de niños afectados. Las nanopartículas de plata (AgNPs) se están usando como alternativa para el control y prevención del biofilm dental, ya que poseen propiedades antimicrobianas contra bacterias relacionadas a estas enfermedades. Sin embargo, no hay estudios que evalúen este comportamiento en pacientes pediátricos. Objetivo: eva- luar la actividad antimicrobiana de las AgNPs en bacterias de aislados clínicos tomados de pacientes pediátricos. Material y métodos: se tomó muestra del biofilm dental de 22 pacientes pediátricos, el efecto micro- biológico se evaluó mediante ensayos microbiológicos estandarizados internacionalmente por triplicado, usando dos diferentes tamaños de AgNPs. Resultados: los dos tamaños de AgNPs mostraron inhibición bacteriana, sin embargo, sólo se vio una diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre el género (p < 0.05), además, en general, hubo una correlación positiva significativa en relación a la concentración de las AgNPs y la velocidad del crecimiento bacteriano (p < 0.05). Conclusión: las AgNPs se pueden considerar como una alternativa para la prevención del biofilm dental y de esta manera para el control de diferentes enfermedades orales (AU))


Introduction: dental biofilm is the precursor of oral diseases, one of them dental caries, this represents the most significant oral disease worldwide with an incidence of 1.76 billion affected children. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being used as an alternative for the control and prevention of dental biofilm since they have antimicrobial properties against bacteria related to these diseases. However, there are no studies evaluating this behavior in pediatric patients. Objective: to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs in bacteria from clinical isolates taken from pediatric patients. Material and methods: a sample of dental biofilm was taken from 22 pediatric patients, the microbiological effect was evaluated by international standardized microbiological tests in triplicate, using two different sizes of AgNPs. Results: the two sizes of AgNPs showed bacterial inhibition, however, only a statistically significant difference was seen between gender (p < 0.05), in addition, in general, there was a significant positive correlation in relation to the concentration of AgNPs and the speed bacterial growth (p < 0.05). Conclusion: AgNPs can be considered as an alternative for the prevention of dental biofilm and thus for the control of different oral diseases (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Dental Caries/prevention & control , Dental Plaque/prevention & control , Nanoparticles/therapeutic use , Bacterial Growth , Dental Care for Children/methods , Culture Media , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Age and Sex Distribution
3.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 24(1)abr. 2022.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386574

ABSTRACT

Abstract Recently, the 3D spheroid cell culture application has been extensively used in the treatment of bone defects. A wide variety of methodologies have been used, which has made the comparison of results complex. Therefore, this systematic review has two aims: (i) to perform an analysis focused on the role of 3D spheroid cell culture in bone regeneration strategies; and (ii) address the main challenges in clinical application. A search of the following keywords "3D cell culture", "spheroid", and "bone regeneration" was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases and limited to the years 2010-2020. Studies were included if their primary objective was the behavior of cell aggregates to formed spheroids structures by different 3D cell culture techniques focused on the regeneration of bone tissue. To address the risk of bias for in vitro studies, the United States national toxicology program tool was applied, and descriptive statistics of the data were performed, with the SPSS V.22 program. A total of 16 studies were included, which met the established criteria corresponding to in vitro and in vitro/in vivo studies; most of these studies used stem cells for the 3D cell spheroids. The most often methods used for the 3D formation were low adherence surface and rotational methods, moreover, mesenchymal stem cells were the cell line most frequently used because of their regenerative potential in the field of bone tissue engineering. Although the advances in research on the potential use of 3D spheroids in bone regeneration have made great strides, the constant innovation in cell spheroid formation methodologies means that clinical application remains in the future as strategy for 3D tissue bioprinting.


Resumen Recientemente, la aplicación del cultivo 3D de esferoides se ha utilizado ampliamente en el tratamiento de defectos óseos. La variedad de metodologías para lograr los cultivos 3D de esferoides ha hecho compleja la comparación de resultados. Por tanto, esta revisión sistemática tiene dos objetivos: (i) realizar un análisis centrado en el papel de los cultivos 3D de esferoides en las estrategias de regeneración ósea; y (ii) abordar los principales desafíos en la aplicación clínica. Se realizó una búsqueda de las siguientes palabras clave "cultivo celular 3D", "esferoide" y "regeneración ósea" en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y ScienceDirect y se limitó a los años 2010-2020. Se incluyeron los estudios si su principal objetivo era el comportamiento de agregados celulares para generar las estructuras esferoidales desarrollados por diferentes técnicas de cultivo celular 3D enfocadas a la regeneración del tejido óseo. Para abordar el riesgo de sesgo de los estudios in vitro, se aplicó la herramienta del programa nacional de toxicología de Estados Unidos y se realizaron estadísticas descriptivas de los datos, con el programa SPSS V.22. Se incluyeron un total de 16 estudios, que cumplieron con los criterios establecidos correspondientes a estudios in vitro e in vitro/in vivo; la mayoría de estos estudios utilizaron células troncales para generar los esferoides celulares 3D. Los métodos más utilizados para la formación de los esferoides 3D fueron la superficie de baja adherencia y los métodos de rotación, asimismo, la línea celular de células troncales mesenquimales fueron las más utilizadas debido a su gran potencial regenerativo en el campo de la ingeniería de tejidos óseos. Aunque los avances en la investigación sobre el uso potencial de los cultivos celulares de esferoides 3D en la regeneración ósea han logrado grandes avances, la constante innovación en las metodologías de la generación de esferoides 3D deja claro que la aplicación clínica de estos permanecerá en el futuro como estrategia en la bioimpresión tisular.


Subject(s)
Bone Regeneration , Tissue Engineering , Spheroids, Cellular
4.
Rev. ADM ; 78(5): 251-257, sept.-oct. 2021. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1344244

ABSTRACT

asistencia ventilatoria cuando la vía aérea y la consciencia están comprometidas. Los elementos utilizados en este procedimiento se encuentran en contacto directo con estructuras dentofaciales, causando diversos tipos de lesiones, principalmente bucales. Aunque existen cuidados clínicos durante procesos de intubación, hay poca información, particularmente de la zona norte del país donde se hayan evaluado las posibles asociaciones entre los motivos de consulta más frecuentes y las diversas características, tanto clínicas como no clínicas de pacientes que han sido intubados. Objetivo: Identificar las alteraciones bucodentales más frecuentes en pacientes intubados, así como explorar las posibles asociaciones de acuerdo con los motivos de intubación más frecuentes. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y comparativo en el cual se evaluaron alteraciones bucodentales y sistémicas de pacientes intubados. Los grupos de estudio se desarrollaron de acuerdo con el motivo de intubación y la determinación de las asociaciones fue con cada una de las alteraciones bucodentales y sistémicas. Resultados: El motivo de intubación más frecuente fue el evento cerebral vascular (EVC) y las alteraciones dentofaciales más prevalentes fueron caries, lengua saburral y cálculo dental, entre otras. Además, se encontraron diferencias significativas entre pacientes con EVC, mostrando una mayor frecuencia en tabaquismo, hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus, así como en la presencia de gingivitis y úlceras. Pacientes con traumatismo craneoencefálico (TCE) tuvieron mayor frecuencia en la presencia de periodontitis. Conclusión: El motivo de hospitalización y las condiciones sistémicas preexistentes pueden ser un factor de riesgo para desarrollar lesiones bucales específicas antes y durante el periodo de intubación (AU)


Introduction: Intubation is a procedure that allows ventilatory assistance when the airway and consciousness are compromised. The elements used in this procedure are in direct contact with dentofacial structures causing various types of injuries, mainly oral. Although there is clinical care during intubation processes, there is little information, particularly from the northern part of the country where the possible associations between the most frequent reasons for consultation and the various clinical and non-clinical characteristics of patients who have been intubated have been evaluated. Objective: The objectives of the present study were to identify the most frequent oral alterations in intubated patients, as well as to explore possible associations according to the most frequent reasons for intubation. Material and methods: An observational, cross-sectional and comparative study was carried out in which oral and systemic alterations of intubated patients were evaluated. The study groups were formed according to the reason for intubation and the association was determined with each of the oral and systemic disorders. Results: The most frequent reason for intubation was the vascular cerebral event (CVA) and the most prevalent dentofacial alterations were caries, coated tongue, and dental calculus, among others. In addition, significant differences were found between patients with CVA, showing a higher frequency in smoking, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, as well as in the presence of gingivitis and ulcers. Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) had a higher frequency in the presence of periodontitis. Conclusion: The reason for hospitalization and pre-existing systemic conditions can be a risk factor for developing specific oral lesions before and during the intubation period (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Hospitalization , Intubation, Intratracheal/adverse effects , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Periodontal Diseases/etiology , Tooth Diseases , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Stroke , Diabetes Mellitus , Observational Study , Brain Contusion , Hypertension , Mexico
5.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1385728

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: Tener una clasificación de enfermedades periodontales es de gran utilidad para los clínicos al brindar una guía sistematizada de las distintas manifestaciones de los problemas periodontales. La nueva clasificación de enfermedades y condiciones periodontales de 2017 tiene como una de sus características principales la agrupación de la periodontitis con estadios y grados, como manifestación de enfermedades sistémicas y enfermedades periodontales necrosantes; así como la introducción de un apartado que habla de salud y enfermedad peri-implantaria. En el caso de la periodontitis, el estadio se refiere a la severidad de la enfermedad y la complejidad del tratamiento; mientras que el grado se refiere al ritmo del progreso y riesgo de recidiva de la enfermedad, en este trabajo se ofrece una ruta de diagnóstico didáctica y se desarrollan las principales diferencias entre las últimas dos clasificaciones, al tiempo que compartimos la experiencia al implementar esta nueva clasificación en nuestro instituto.


ABSTRACT: Having a classification of periodontal conditions and diseases is a very useful tool for clinicians by providing a systematic guide to different manifestations of periodontal issues. The 2017 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions has as one of the main characteristics the division of the Periodontitis group classified by stage, which assigns the severity and complexity of the treatment, and by grade, which refers to the rhythm of progression and the risk of future relapse; periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic conditions and necrotizing periodontal diseases. As well as the featuring of peri-implant health and diseases. A more didactic route of diagnostic will be given in this publication and the main differences between the last two classifications will be explained, while we share the experience of implementing this new classification in our institute.

6.
Autops. Case Rep ; 11: e2021247, 2021. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153188

ABSTRACT

Actinic prurigo (AP) is a type of photodermatosis that primarily affects the Latin American mestizo population. Histologically, AP cheilitis exhibits acanthosis with spongiosis and vacuolation of the basal cell layer overlying a dense lymphocytic inflammatory infiltrate that forms well-defined lymphoid follicles. Toluidine blue is a thiazide, acidophilic, and metachromatic dye used in vivo to selectively stain the acidic components of tissues such as sulfates, carboxylates, and phosphate radicals that are incorporated into DNA and RNA. It is necessary to develop a method that allows detecting, on clinical grounds the area of the lesion in which it is more feasible to find such structures. Thus to increase the sensitivity of the biopsy, in AP cheilitis to accurately identify where the lymphoid follicles reside, based on the higher concentration of DNA in such structures and thus confirm the diagnosis. In this study, staining was positive in 85% of patients with AP cheilitis, in 14 of whom 82% lymphoid follicles were observed by histopathology. One of the pathologist's problems in establishing the diagnosis of AP is that the main histopathological characteristics are not always identified in the submitted samples because it is not easy to clinically identify the most representative site of the lesion selected for performing a biopsy. Based on our results, we propose using toluidine blue as an auxiliary method to choose a tissue sample to facilitate the diagnosis and allow clinicians to make clinical correlations between the histopathological and therapeutic findings.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Prurigo/diagnosis , Tolonium Chloride , Cheilitis/diagnosis , Staining and Labeling/methods , Biopsy
8.
Rev. ADM ; 77(1): 22-27, ene.-feb. 2020. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1087921

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Hoy en día, la mayoría de los pacientes requieren tratamiento de ortodoncia fija convencional, la cual utiliza procedimientos adhesivos afines con la superficie amelodentinaria. Aunque existen diferentes técnicas adhesivas que pueden ofrecer adecuados niveles de resistencia al desalojo, el uso del hipoclorito de sodio (NaClO) como agente desproteinizante no ha sido bien definido en materiales de cementación en aparatología ortodóncica convencional. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los niveles de resistencia al desalojo con pruebas de microtensión y análisis topográfico con microscopia electrónica de barrido. Material y métodos: 20 bloques de esmalte bovino fueron expuestos superficialmente a soluciones acondicionadoras (ácido ortofosfórico al 37%) con y sin agente desproteinizante (NaClO al 5.25%); finalmente, brackets individuales de ortodoncia fueron cementados con sistemas adhesivos y resinas compuestas de casas comerciales (Ormco y 3M). Las pruebas de resistencia al desalojo fueron realizadas con una máquina de fuerzas universales y el análisis topográfico con microscopia electrónica de barrido. Resultados: El uso del NaClO al 5.25% y la marca Ormco tuvieron estadísticamente los mejores niveles de adhesión que el grupo sin desproteinización y la casa comercial 3M, respectivamente. La topografía adamantina expuesta al agente desproteinizante mostró características de superficie relacionadas con el patrón de grabado tipo I. Conclusión: El uso de un agente desproteinizante (NaClO 5.25%) así como una marca comercial (Ormco) en particular podrían definir el aumento en los niveles de adhesión en superficies adamantinas con aparatología ortodóncica convencional (AU)


Introduction: Nowadays, patients require conventional fixed orthodontic treatment, which uses adhesive procedures related to the dentinal denture surface. Although there are different adhesive techniques that can offer adequate levels of bonding resistance, the use of NaClO as a deproteinizing agent has not been well defined in cementing materials in conventional orthodontic appliances. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the levels of bond resistance using micro tension tests and topographic analysis with scanning electron microscopy. Material and methods: Twenty-blocks of bovine enamel were exposed superficially to conditioning solutions (37% orthophosphoric acid) with and without deproteinizing agent (5.25% NaClO); finally, individual orthodontic brackets were cemented with adhesive systems and resin composites of different trademarks (Ormco and 3M). Bonding resistance tests were performed with a universal force machine and topographic analysis was made with scanning electron microscopy. Results: The use of 5.25% NaClO and the Ormco brand had statistically better levels of adhesion than the group without deproteinization and the 3M brand, respectively. Adamantine topography exposed to the deproteinizing agent showed surface characteristics related to the type I etching pattern. Conclusion: The use of a deproteinizing agent (NaClO 5.25%) as well as a trademark (Ormco) in particular conditions could define the increase in adhesion levels on adamantine surfaces with conventional orthodontic appliances (AU)


Subject(s)
Sodium Hypochlorite/chemistry , Acid Etching, Dental , Dental Bonding , Orthodontic Brackets , Dental Enamel/drug effects , Phosphoric Acids , Surface Properties , Tensile Strength , In Vitro Techniques , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Cross-Sectional Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Composite Resins
9.
Autops. Case Rep ; 10(3): e2020161, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | BNUY-Odon, LILACS, BNUY | ID: biblio-1131825

ABSTRACT

Spindle cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare variant of squamous cell carcinoma characterized by elongated and pleomorphic epithelial cells that resemble a sarcoma. Due to its rareness, and histological resemblance to various sarcomas, the diagnosis of this neoplasia is challenging. Herein we present the case of an 82-year-old female with a polypoid, ulcerated, soft tissue mass located on the left side of the maxilla. The tomographic examination showed a hyperdense mass that infiltrated the orbital cavity, ethmoidal cells, middle and lower nasal concha, maxillary sinus, zygomatic arch, and mandibular ramus on the left side. Histopathologically, the tumor was composed of spindle cells that were sarcomatous in appearance, with aberrant mitosis, along with a group of pleomorphic cells with a more epithelioid and hyperchromatic appearance on a stroma of densely vascularized fibrous tissue. The immunohistochemistry panel used to determine the lineage of the tumor rendered the diagnosis of SCC. The diagnosis of SCC is challenging to the pathologist since its morphology can resemble a sarcoma. Thus, immunohistochemistry is a valuable resource to support the diagnosis. We propose that SCC should be considered when examining a biphasic neoplasm with the aforementioned histological characteristics and markers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Maxilla , Mouth , Immunohistochemistry , Epithelial Cells
10.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 13(1): 5-10, mar. 2019. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-990057

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La hiperplasia condilar (HC) es un término genérico de una condición patológica que se utiliza para describir situaciones que causan el crecimiento excesivo y sobredesarrollo del cóndilo mandibular, repercutiendo así también en la mandíbula, es la responsable de alrededor del 50 % de las asimetrías faciales y se presenta con mayor frecuencia entre los 11 y 30 años de edad. Se presenta un caso clínico de una paciente femenina de 21 años de edad que presentaba hiperplasia condilar unilateral izquierda con compensación alveolodentaria. Se realizó condilectomía alta con abordaje endoaural para retirar 5 mm de la parte superior del cóndilo y osteotomía mandibular mediante abordaje intraoral circunvestibular, con disección y preservación del nervio dentario inferior, retirando 8 mm del aspecto inferior de la mandíbula de acuerdo a los requerimientos estéticos. El brindar un tratamiento adecuado a la hiperplasia condilar enfocado a corregir las secuelas tanto funcionales como estéticas es de gran beneficio al paciente ya que le permite mejorar su calidad de vida, el correcto diagnóstico es vital para poder planear un tratamiento exitoso.


ABSTRACT: Condylar hyperplasia (CH) is a generic term for a pathological situation that is used to describe conditions that cause excessive growth and overdevelopment of the mandibular condyle and also impacting on the jaw, this bone formation is responsible about of 50 % of all deformities facial and it occurs most frequently between 11-30 years old. This case report is about a 21-years old female who showed unilateral condylar hyperplasia of left side with alveolodentary compensatory. Was carried out high condilectomy through an endoaural approach removing 5 mm of the upper condyle and the mandibular osteotomy was performed through intraoral approach with dissection and preservation of the inferior alveolar nerve, removing 8 mm of the inferior aspect of the mandible according to the aesthetic requirements. An appropriate treatment for the condylar hyperplasia focused on correcting the side effects such as functional or aesthetic it's of great benefit for the patient because it allows improve their quality of life. A correct diagnosis is very important to planning a successful treatment.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Young Adult , Mandibular Diseases/surgery , Mandibular Condyle/surgery , Radiography, Panoramic , Mandibular Diseases/pathology , Mandibular Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Esthetics, Dental , Facial Asymmetry/surgery , Orthognathic Surgical Procedures/methods , Hyperplasia , Mandibular Condyle/pathology , Mandibular Condyle/diagnostic imaging
11.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 12(1): 129-133, Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-893312

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN: La patología oral es el área de la odontología que se especializa en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de enfermedades orales. Se realizó un estudio transversal, en el cual fueron incluidos pacientes mayores de 18 años que acudieron a una clínica de atención primaria del departamento de estomatología de la universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, en México y a los cuales independientemente del motivo de consulta se les realizo historia clínica y exploración intraoral detallada. Fueron examinados 650 pacientes (424 mujeres y 226 hombres) con un rango de edad de 18 a 89 años (media=42.27). Las lesiones más frecuentes fueron la queratosis friccional (30,46 %) e hiperplasia fibrosa (6,92 %), la melanosis fisiológica (42,92 %) y los gránulos de Fordyce (36,46 %) fueron las condiciones más identificadas. En las lesiones de la mucosa oral que identificamos estuvo presente el factor traumático de manera crónica, es importante que el odontólogo este familiarizado con las lesiones más frecuentes, con su etiología, características clínicas y tratamiento de cada una de ellas.


ABSTRACT: Oral pathology it's the branch of medicine that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of oral diseases. A cross-sectional study was carried out in which patients older than 18 years was included, that were attended in the primary care clinic at the stomatology department of the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez, in Mexico, and regardless of the reason for consultation the clinical history and intraoral examination was done We examined 650 patients (424 women and 226 men) with an age range of 18 to 89 years (mean=42.27). The most frequent oral lesion was the frictional keratosis (30.46 %), fibrous hyperplasia (6.92 %), physiological melanosis (42.92 %), and fordyce granules (36.46 %). In the oral mucosal lesions identified was present a chronic traumatic factor, it is important that the dental staff knows about the most frequent injuries, their etiology, clinical characteristics and treatment of each one.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pathology, Oral/methods , Tooth Diseases/diagnosis , Dental Caries/therapy , Tooth Diseases/pathology , Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis , Mouth Neoplasms/therapy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnosis, Oral/methods , Mexico , Mouth Mucosa/injuries
12.
Rev. ADM ; 74(6): 298-303, nov.-dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973052

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La exploración intraoral detallada es la clave en el diagnóstico temprano de lesiones potencialmente agresivas; de estamanera, se le ofrece al paciente un tratamiento adecuado y oportuno,reduciendo al máximo posibles complicaciones que pongan en peligrosu integridad y deterioren su calidad de vida. Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia de lesiones y condiciones de la mucosa bucal en pacientes mayores de 18 años de la clínica de diagnóstico del Departamento de Estomatología de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua...


Introduction: A detailed intraoral examination is key in the early diagnosis of potentially aggressive lesions; in this way, the patient isoff ered an adequate and timely treatment, reducing to the maximumpossible complications that could endanger his integrity and deterioratehis quality of life. Aim: To determine the frequency of lesions and conditions of the buccal mucosa in patients older than 18 years of the diagnostic clinic of the Department of Stomatology at the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua...


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Adult , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/epidemiology , Mouth Mucosa/injuries , Schools, Dental , Mexico , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Age and Sex Distribution , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Melanosis , Oral Ulcer , Tongue, Fissured
13.
An. bras. dermatol ; 92(6): 774-778, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887115

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: Actinic prurigo (AP) is an idiopathic photodermatosis. Although its initial manifestations can appear in 6 to 8-year-old children, cases are diagnosed later, between the second and fourth decades of life, when the injuries are exacerbated. Objective: To identify risk factors associated with clinical manifestations of AP such as skin and mucosal lesions. Methods: Thirty patients with AP and 60 controls were included in the study, the dependent variable was the presence of skin or labial mucosal lesions, the independent variables were age, sex, solar exposure, living with pets or farm animals, exposure to wood smoke, smoking habit, years smoking, and hours spent per day and per week in contact with people who smoke. Results: Of the 30 diagnosed AP patients, 66.7% were female. Patients age ranged from 7 to 71 years and the mean age was 35.77 ± 14.55 years. We found significant differences with the age and cohabitation with farm animals. Those who lived with farm animals presented 14.31 times higher probability of developing AP (95% CI 3-78.06). Study limitations: This is a case-control study; therefore, a causal relationship cannot be proven, and these results cannot be generalized to every population. Conclusions: The identification of factors related to the development of AP increases our knowledge of its physiopathology. Moreover, identifying antigens that possibly trigger the allergic reaction will have preventive and therapeutic applications in populations at risk of AP.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Photosensitivity Disorders/etiology , Skin Diseases, Genetic/etiology , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Photosensitivity Disorders/physiopathology , Skin Diseases, Genetic/physiopathology , Sunlight/adverse effects , Time Factors , Case-Control Studies , Logistic Models , Risk Factors , Age Factors , Statistics, Nonparametric , Hypersensitivity/etiology , Hypersensitivity/physiopathology , Animals, Domestic
14.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 11(3): 261-265, set. 2017. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-893260

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: Osteomyelitis is an infection that affects bone and bone marrow, it occurs due to inoculation of microorganisms either directly or by continuous accumulation through a hematogenous way. Female patient, 64 years old, presenting an increase of volume of the parotid masseteric region and right submandibular region, with approximately two weeks of evolution, which had a slightly fluctuating, hyperemic and hyperthermic indurated consistency; the patient complained of severe pain. CT scan and biopsy was indicated. It is imperative to identify the causative agent; the use of antibiotics must be complemented by surgical treatment to eliminate the possibility of a remaining infection.


RESUMEN: La osteomielitis es un proceso infeccioso que afecta al hueso y medula ósea y que se produce debido a la inoculación de microorganismos ya sea de manera directa, por continuidad o bien por medio de la vía hematógena. Paciente femenino de 64 años de edad que presentaba aumento de volumen en región submandibular derecha refiriendo dolor intenso con evolución de 2 semanas aproximadamente, el cual era de consistencia indurada ligeramente fluctuante, hiperémico e hipertérmico; la paciente se quejaba de dolor intenso, se indicó TC y biopsia. En estos casos para tener éxito en el tratamiento el uso de antibióticos debe complementarse con desbridamiento quirúrgico, aunado a un seguimiento estrecho para descartar la posibilidad de una infección remanente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Osteomyelitis/diagnosis , Mandibular Diseases/diagnosis , Osteomyelitis/surgery , Osteomyelitis/drug therapy , Osteonecrosis/diagnosis , Periapical Abscess/diagnosis , Suppuration , Radiography, Panoramic , Mandibular Diseases/surgery , Mandibular Diseases/drug therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Chronic Disease , Dental Fistula/diagnosis , Debridement , Controlled Before-After Studies , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use
15.
Rev. ADM ; 73(6): 291-296, nov.-dic. 2016. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-869339

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la verruga vulgar y el papiloma bucal son lesiones provocadas por el virus papiloma humano se pueden encontrar presentes en la mayoría de las superfi cies cutáneas y mucosas, su comportamiento biológico es benigno. Las proteínas de adhesión como la E-cadherina, se encargan de mantener la organización y morfología celular, disminuyen su expresión epitelial en ciertas lesiones potencialmente cancerizables, y favorecen la migración e invasión celular ocasionando posiblesmetástasis. Las células de Langerhans, son células presentadoras deantígeno que activan el sistema inmunológico para proteger al organismocontra patógenos o sustancias extrañas. Objetivo: Determinar el grado de expresión de E-cadherina y de células de Langerhans en verruga vulgar y papiloma bucal. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, en el cual se incluyeron 16 bloques con tejido incluido en parafi na con diagnóstico de verruga vulgar, ycuatro diagnosticados como papiloma bucal, todos los casos fueron corroborados con la tinción de hematoxilina y eosina. La determinacióndel grado de expresión de las células de Langerhans y E-cadherina se realizó por medio de la técnica de inmunohistoquímica, la valoraciónse llevó a cabo de manera semicuantitativa, y se realizó estadísticadescriptiva. Resultados: La expresión de E-cadherina en verruga vulgar fue intensa tanto en cantidad como intensidad, mientras que en papiloma bucal fue moderada también en ambos casos; las células de Langerhans mostraron una inmunotinción moderada en las lesiones de verruga vulgar en intensidad y cantidad; en el caso de papiloma bucal esta inmunotinción en intensidad y cantidad fue leve. . Conclusiones:Los resultados mostraron que las proteínas de adhesión E-cadherinano pierden su expresión en la verruga vulgar y papiloma bucal, lo cualconfi rma su benignidad...


Introduction: verruca vulgaris and oral papilloma are lesions causedby the human papillomavirus. They can be found on most skin and mucosalsurfaces, and their biological behavior is benign. Adhesion proteinssuch as E-cadherins are responsible for maintaining cell morphologyand organization; they decrease the expression in certain potentiallycancerous epithelial lesions and promote cell migration and invasion,causing possible metastasis. Langerhans cells are antigen-presentingcells that activate the immune system to protect the body againstpathogens or foreign substances. Objective: To determine the degreeof expression of E-cadherin and Langerhans cells in verruca vulgarisand oral papilloma. Material and methods: We performed a descriptiveand retrospective study involving 16 paraffi n-embedded tissue blocksof diagnosed cases of verruca vulgaris and 4 paraffi n-embedded tissueblocks identifi ed as oral papilloma. The diagnosis was previouslyconfi rmed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The degree of expressionof Langerhans cells and E-Cadherin was determined by immunohistochemistry,while the evaluation was carried out semiquantitatively,with descriptive statistics being performed. Results: The expression ofE-cadherin in verruca vulgaris was strong in terms of both quantityand intensity, whereas in the case of oral papilloma it was moderatefor both. Langerhans cells showed moderate immunostaining for bothintensity and quantity in verruca vulgaris-type lesions, while for oralpapilloma, the immunostaining was also mild in both cases. Conclusions:The results suggest that the expression of E-cadherin adhesionproteins does not diminish in verruca vulgaris and oral papilloma,which confi rms their benignity...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Cadherins/classification , Cadherins/physiology , Langerhans Cells/physiology , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Papillomavirus Infections/etiology , Warts/epidemiology , Warts/etiology , Age and Sex Distribution , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Immunohistochemistry/methods , Papillomaviridae/pathogenicity , Retrospective Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical
16.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 10(2): 255-260, ago. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794485

ABSTRACT

El uso de implantes ha tomado un gran auge en los últimos años, sin embargo así como se ha visto un aumento en la demanda también se ha visto un incremento en el fracaso de los mismos, existen múltiples razones que intervienen para esto como son; deficiencias en la cantidad y calidad de hueso, patologías óseas preexistentes, mala técnica quirúrgica, implante inadecuado, hábito tabáquico, entre otras. La mucositis periimplantaria y la periimplantitis son las primeras causas de complicaciones en los implantes, los pacientes con enfermedades crónico degenerativas, fumadores y con mala higiene son considerados pacientes de riesgo para presentar periimplantitis. La literatura ofrece tratamientos quirúrgicos y no quirúrgicos los cuales van enfocados a la eliminación de microorganismos y a la desinfección de la superficie del implante, el tratamiento quirúrgico como la debridación y curetaje tienen la finalidad de eliminar la placa bacteriana, desinfectar la superficie del implante así como retirar el tejido dañado por el proceso inflamatorio, el realizar una adecuada historia clínica y valoración previa, permitirá identificar a los pacientes con mayor o menor riesgo de desarrollar periimplantitis, las citas de mantenimiento ayudan a detectar oportunamente posibles complicaciones.


The use of implants has taken a giant leap in recent years, however, greater demand has also resulted in an increase in the failure of these procedures. There are multiple reasons involved such as; deficiencies in the amount and quality of bone, preexisting bone disease, poor surgical technique, improper implant, tobacco habit, among others. The peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis are the main causes of complications in implants, patients with chronic degenerative diseases, smokers and patients with poor oral hygiene are considered risk patients to present peri-implantitis. The literature provides surgical and nonsurgical treatments which are focused on the elimination of microorganisms and the disinfection of the implant surface; surgical treatment as debridement and curettage are designed to remove plaque, disinfect the implant surface and remove damaged tissue caused by the inflammatory process, the performance of an adequate medical history and prior assessment will identify patients with greater or lesser risk of developing peri-implantitis, maintenance appointments help in the early detection of possible complications.


Subject(s)
Humans , Peri-Implantitis/diagnosis , Peri-Implantitis/etiology , Peri-Implantitis/therapy
17.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(3): 296-299, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787297

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Background: Pemphigus is part of a group of blistering diseases that affect the skin and mucous membranes. Based on its autoimmune origin, autoantibodies develop in pemphigus that are directed toward cell surface components of keratinocytes. However, some data cannot be explained, such as the lack of a relationship between autoantibody levels and the severity of clinical manifestations, treatment resistance, the presence of inflammatory infiltrates and the potential occurrence of apoptosis as determinants of vesicle formation. Objective: To examine the presence of apoptosis in pemphigus vulgaris by TUNEL technique. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we selected 15 paraffin-embedded tissues from subjects who were diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The samples were subjected to TUNEL assay and examined under an Olympus BX61 fluorescence microscope. Positivity was categorized dichotomously, and the statistical analysis was performed using the X2 test. Results: Positivity was observed in basal layer cells in 14 (93.3%) cases. In 13 (86.7%) of the positive cases, we noted espinosum and granular layers that formed the blister roof, and in 12 cases (80%), positive acantholytic cells were observed. Conclusions: TUNEL positivity was observed in pemphigus vulgaris, implicating apoptosis in the pathophysiology of this condition, which can help guide the development of apoptotic blockers as therapeutics.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Pemphigus/physiopathology , Apoptosis/physiology , In Situ Nick-End Labeling/methods , Skin/physiopathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Acantholysis/physiopathology , Blister/physiopathology , Pemphigus/pathology
18.
An. bras. dermatol ; 91(1): 23-26, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-776422

ABSTRACT

Abstract BACKGROUND: Actinic prurigo is an idiopathic photodermatosis, the pathophysiology of which has been hypothesized to involve subtype IV type b (Th2) hypersensitive response, whereby IL4, IL5, and IL13 are secreted and mediate the production of B cells, IgE, and IgG4. OBJECTIVES: To examine the association of serum IgE levels and the clinical severity of injuries. METHODS: This case-control study comprised patients with a clinical and histopathological diagnosis of actinic prurigo, as well as clinically healthy subjects, from whom 3cc of peripheral blood was taken for immunoassay. Cases were classified by lesion severity as mild, moderate, and severe. Descriptive statistics were analyzed, and chi-square test was performed. RESULTS: We included 21 actinic prurigo patients and 21 subjects without disease; 11 patients with actinic prurigo had elevated serum IgE levels, and 10 had low serum levels. Six actinic prurigo (AP) patients with elevated serum levels of IgE had moderate injuries, 4 had severe injuries, and 1 had minor injuries. Eight out of 10 patients with normal IgE levels presented with minor injuries in the clinical evaluation. The 21 controls did not have increased serum IgE levels. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated IgE levels are associated with moderate to severe clinical lesions, suggesting that actinic prurigo entails a type IV subtype b hypersensitivity response in which Th2 cells predominate.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Photosensitivity Disorders/blood , Photosensitivity Disorders/physiopathology , Skin Diseases, Genetic/blood , Skin Diseases, Genetic/physiopathology , Case-Control Studies , Immunoassay , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Photosensitivity Disorders/pathology , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index , Skin Diseases, Genetic/pathology , Thalidomide/therapeutic use
19.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 9(2): 289-294, ago. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-764043

ABSTRACT

La mucositis es la reacción secundaria a la quimioterapia y/o radioterapia, existen múltiples opciones terapéuticas para tratar esta complicación, no se cuenta con un tratamiento definido por lo que el objetivo de esta revisión es el de agrupar las distintas maneras de abordar la mucositis oral y su efecto así como compartir la experiencia que se tiene en el Hospital General de México. Dentro de los tratamientos más utilizados se encuentra el empleo de fármacos protectores de mucosa, crioterapia, factores de crecimiento entre otros, el efecto deseado es retrasar la aparición de la lesión así como disminuir la severidad de las mismas, no todas las opciones se encuentran disponibles para el personal médico por lo que se deben de conocer las distintas opciones terapéuticas y la solidez científica con la que cuentan.


Mucositis is the secondary reaction to chemotherapy and / or radiotherapy, there are multiple therapeutic alternatives to treat this complication, there doesn't exist a specific therapy so the aim of this review is to coordinate the various ways of treating oral mucositis and its effect and to share the experience at the General Hospital of Mexico. Within the most widely used treatments is the use of mucosal protective drugs, cryotherapy, growth factors, among others, the main effect is to delay the onset of injury and decrease the severity of them, not all options are available for medical staff so they must know the different Iptherapeutic alternatives and the scientific soundness for each option.


Subject(s)
Humans , Stomatitis/therapy , Oral Hygiene , Radiotherapy/adverse effects , Stomatitis/etiology , Biological Products/therapeutic use , Cryotherapy , Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/therapeutic use , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Laser Therapy , Hospitals, General , Mexico , Neoplasms/complications
20.
Int. j. odontostomatol. (Print) ; 9(2): 233-238, ago. 2015. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-764036

ABSTRACT

El virus del papiloma humano (VPH) forma parte de un grupo de virus ADN heterogéneo llamados papillomaviridae; este virus es causante de múltiples lesiones hiperplásicas, verrucosas y papilomatosas de las células epiteliales de piel y mucosas, existen más de 120 tipos de VPH, de solo 100 se conoce su secuencia genómica completa. Los dos géneros más importantes son los papilomavirus alpha (ð) y los beta (ß), la mayoría de los virus que infectan el área genital pertenecen al género alpha; según sus características clínicas, se pueden subdividir en cutáneos y de mucosa. Si bien las infecciones por este virus son frecuentes en cavidad oral, este campo de la medicina se encuentra en estudio, debido a que la información sobre el tema no es concluyente, es prioritario para el estomatólogo conocer las generalidades acerca del VPH y tratar las lesiones de una manera informada, este virus se asocia a un 35% de los casos de cáncer de cavidad oral, de los cuales el 70% de ellos son de alto riesgo. En México, se tiene estimado que cerca del 43% de los hombres y del 17,5% de las mujeres, todos ellos sanos y sexualmente activos tienen alguna infección por VPH.


The human papillomavirus (HPV) is part of heterogeneous group of DNA viruses called papillomaviridae; this virus causes multiple hyperplastic, papillomatous and warty lesions of epithelial cells of skin and mucosa, there are more than 120 types of HPV, although, the complete genome sequence of only 100 of these is known. The most important types are the alpha papillomavirus (a) and beta (b), most viruses that infect the genital area belong to the alpha type; according to their clinical characteristics, they can be divided in cutaneous and mucosal. HPV infections are common in oral cavity, this field of medicine is currently being studied, considering that the information about this subject is not conclusive, it is a priority for the stomatologist to know the generalities about HPV and treat injuries in an informed manner; this virus is associated to a 35% of cases of oral cancer, of which 70% are considered high risk. In Mexico, it is estimated that about a 43% of men and a 17.5% of women, all of them healthy and sexually active have at least one HPV infection.


Subject(s)
Humans , Papillomaviridae/isolation & purification , Alphapapillomavirus/pathogenicity , Mouth/virology
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